Yellow corn (Zea mays L.) is a highly versatile crop recognized globally as the 'queen of cereals' due to its exceptional genetic yield potential under various agro-climatic conditions. Cultivated across approximately 190 million hectares in around 165 countries, maize plays a crucial role in global grain production, contributing to 39% of the total. The USA stands as the largest producer, accounting for nearly 30.99% of worldwide production as of 2020. In India, maize is cultivated year-round, predominantly during the Kharif season, with Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh as major growing states. This cereal crop not only serves as a staple food and quality animal feed but also as a fundamental raw material for a variety of industrial applications including starch, oil, protein, alcoholic beverages, and more. With an estimated production of 28.64 million tonnes in 2019-20 and significant export numbers—3.69 million MT worth Rs. 7,615.46 crores in 2021-22—India is solidifying its place as the fifth largest maize producer in the world. Countries such as Bangladesh, Vietnam, Nepal, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka are major destinations for Indian maize exports.

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